PHÒNG TRỊ BỆNH CHÁY LÁ VÀ CHẾT ĐỌT TRÊN CÂY SẦU RIÊNG – AGRICULTURE

PHÒNG TRỊ BỆNH CHÁY LÁ VÀ CHẾT ĐỌT TRÊN CÂY SẦU RIÊNG

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PHÒNG TRỊ BỆNH CHÁY LÁ VÀ CHẾT ĐỌT TRÊN CÂY SẦU RIÊNG

Posted On April 4, 2017 at 7:35 am by / 3,047 Comments

Bệnh cháy lá, chết đọt (Leaf Blight of Durian) là một trong những bệnh hại xuất hiện thường xuyên ở cả giai đoạn vườn ươm và cây trưởng thành của cây sầu riêng là bệnh cháy lá, chết ngọn.

Disease-lef-spot-rhizoctonia

Bệnh có khả năng lây lan nhanh và khiến cây ngừng sinh trưởng, trong giai đoạn cây con bệnh còn có thể làm chết cây nên bà con cần chú ý kiểm tra các dấu hiệu phát bệnh và tìm ra cách phòng trừ hiệu quả để đảm bảo cho cây giống được sinh trưởng và phát triển tốt nhất giúp vườn cây cho năng suất ổn định.

Triệu chứng bệnh hại.

chay la

Do nấm Rhizoctonia solani gây ra.

Khi bị nấm tấn công, các phần non của lá sẽ xuất hiện những vết bệnh nhỏ và bỏng nước, lá có màu xanh đâm hơn.

chay-la-sau-rieng

Các vết bệnh xuất hiện ở nhiều vị trí khác nhau và sau đó lan dần ra cả lá và liên kết lại khắp bề mặt của lá.

Sau khi bệnh phát triển nặng sẽ xuất hiện những mảng vết bệnh khô có màu nâu sáng, bên ngoài viền có màu nâu tối.

chay-la-chet-dot

Những cây con bị bệnh nặng thường bị rụng hết lá khiến cây chỉ còn cành trơ trụi, cây không thể tiếp tục quang hợp nên làm cho đọt cây con và đọt cây tháp bị thối đen.

Đối với những cây sầu riêng lớn trên lá thường có dấu hiệu phát bệnh sớm nhất, bệnh thường phát sinh ở những cành nhiều lá ban đầu chỉ là những vết bệnh nhỏ những càng về bệnh sẽ làm cho cành và nhánh cây bị nhỏ lại. Các lá bệnh thường kết dính theo chùm lại với nhau như tổ kiến, khi bị bệnh nặng lá thường rụng.

Những dấu hiệu ban đầu của bệnh khá mờ nhạt nên bà con dễ nhầm lẫn với các dấu hiệu của chứng thiếu dinh dưỡng hoặc một số vết chích do côn trùng để lại vì vậy khi phát hiện thì bệnh đã trở nặng, khó chữa trị dứt điểm và khá là tốn kém vì vậy bà con nên lưu tâm thăm vườn và quan sát thường xuyên đặc biệt là trong giai đoạn ra hoa kết trái.

Phòng trừ bệnh.

rhzotonia kết hợp

Bà con cần kết hợp nhiều phương pháp khác nhau để phòng trừ bệnh cháy lá, chết đọt trong vườn ươm được hiệu quả.

Bà con nên chú ý bố trí vườn ươm với mật độ vừa phải, không nên xếp quá dày tạo độ ẩm ướt trên vườn. Tưới nước hợp lý, không nên tưới quá nhiều.

Không nên đặt cây con ở dưới những tán cây quá lớn sẽ khiến độ ẩm trong vườn quá cao, tạo sự phát sinh của nấn.

Thu dọn các lá rụng ở vườn mang đi tiêu hủy, dọn sạch cỏ dại thường xuyên để vườn cây luôn thoáng mát.

Thường xuyên thăm vườn, nếu phát hiện dấu hiệu của bệnh có thể sử dụng các thuốc có hoạt chất:

+ Iprovalicab, Propineb (ví dụ: Interest 667.5WP, Melody Duo 66,75WP).

+ Nano Bạc (đồng), Bacillus Subtilis (Bio Bạc).

+ Propiconazole, Difenoconazole (ví dụ: Tilt Super, AthuocTop, Overamis, Score).

+ Cyproconazole (ví dụ: Bonanza,…).

+ Thiophanate Methyl (ví dụ: Topcin- M,…).

Sau khi phun thuốc 1 tuần, chủ vườn tiến hành tỉa cành bệnh, cành khô, mang đi tiêu hủy.

Và dùng hoạt chất  copper oxychloride + kháng sinh (Kasuran 47WP, Super Cook + Novaba (Miksabe, Ychatot)) phun rửa vườn lại, để tiêu diệt triệt để nấm bệnh.

Tư vấn kỹ thuật: 0933.067.033

durian-pests-diseases-chart

disease-seedling-dieback-phytophthora-parasitica

disease-fruit-rot-phytophthora-palmivora-1

disease-patch-canker-phytophthora-palmivora-compdisease-fruit-rot-phytophthora-palmivora-1

disease-anthracnose-colletotrichum-gloeosporoides

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