BIỆN PHÁP PHÒNG TRỪ SÂU TƠ (PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA) HẠI RAU MÀU – Thuốc trừ sâu sinh học,thuốc trừ nấm,thuốc trừ rầy,thuốc diệt chuột

BIỆN PHÁP PHÒNG TRỪ SÂU TƠ (PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA) HẠI RAU MÀU

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BIỆN PHÁP PHÒNG TRỪ SÂU TƠ (PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA) HẠI RAU MÀU

Posted On February 24, 2017 at 7:50 am by / 190 Comments

Sâu tơ (Plutella xylostella linaeus) là đối tượng gây hại chủ yếu trên cây rau họ hoa thập tự (su hào, bắp cải,…) Sâu tơ thường phát sinh và gây hại từ tháng 10 đến tháng 4 năm sau, làm giảm năng suất và chất lượng rau rõ rệt nếu không được phòng trừ kịp thời.

Đặc điểm của sâu tơ

Trưởng thành sâu tơ nhỏ, thân dài khoảng 6-7mm, sải cánh rộng 12-15mm màu nâu xám, trên cánh có dải màu trắng (ngài đực) và dải màu vàng (ngài cái) chạy từ gốc cánh đến đỉnh cánh, mép ngoài có lông nhỏ dài mịn, khi đậu cánh áp sát thân.

Trứng hình bầu dục màu vàng xanh nhạt, dài khoảng 4-5mm; Sâu non màu xanh nhạt, đẫy sức dài 9-10mm, mỗi đốt đều có lông nhỏ. Nhộng màu vàng nhạt, dài 5-6mm, nhộng được bọc trong kén mỏng màu trắng xốp.

Trưởng thành sâu tơ hoạt động chủ yếu vào ban đêm. Ngài hoạt động mạnh nhất từ chập tối đến nửa đêm. Mỗi ngài cái đẻ trung bình 50-400 quả trứng. Trứng được đẻ phân tán hay thành cụm dưới mặt lá, hai bên gân lá hay chỗ lõm dưới lá.

Sâu non có 4 tuổi, sâu mới nở sống tập trung, từ tuổi 2 trở đi sâu ăn thịt lá để lại biểu bì tạo thành các đốm trong mờ. Ở tuổi lớn sâu bắt đầu ăn  mạnh làm thủng lá chỉ chừa lại gân lá. Đặc biệt sâu tơ là 1 trong những loài sâu có khả năng kháng thuốc cao.

Biện pháp phòng trừ

Để chủ động phòng trừ sự phát sinh gây hại của sâu tơ trên rau cần thực hiện một số biên pháp sau:

– Biện pháp canh tác:

+ Bố trí thời vụ thích hợp.

+ Luân canh với cây trồng không cùng ký chủ như lúa, ngô,… nên trồng xen với cây họ cà, hành, tỏi,…để xua đuổi trưởng thành đến đẻ trứng.

+ Nên tưới rau bằng vòi phun mưa vào buổi chiều mát để ngăn cản việc giao phối của trưởng thành và rửa trôi bớt trứng, sâu non.

+ Sau khi thu hoạch phải dọn sạch tàn dư của cây, đưa ra khỏi ruộng tiêu hủy hoặc ủ làm phân bón để tiêu diệt trứng, sâu non…

– Biện pháp sinh học:

Sử dụng thiên địch của sâu tơ như nhóm ăn mồi (nhện, bọ rùa, chuồn chuồn cỏ), nhóm ong ký sinh (ong cự loài Diadegma sp., ong kén nhỏ loài Cotesia sp)

Dùng bẫy pheromone thích hợp để diệt trưởng thành sâu tơ.

– Biện pháp hóa học

Sâu tơ có khả năng kháng thuốc nhanh, để giảm bớt áp lực kháng thuốc của sâu cần sử dụng luân phiên nhiều loại thuốc như:  Silsau super 1.9,3.5EC; Tasieu 1.9EC; 5WG; TC-Năm sao 20EC, 35EC; Reasgant 3.6EC…

Tư vấn kĩ thuật: 0933.067.033

Việt Nam Nông Nghiệp Sạch chân thành cảm ơn Quý đọc giả đã ủng hộ Website của chúng tôi trong thời gian vừa qua, hiện tại chúng tôi có một số chương trình hay, mong được chia sẻ cùng Quý đọc giả.

Chương trình 1: Sách hay tặng bạn: Hướng dẫn trồng rau sạch.

Chương trình 2: Món quà tặng bé yêu.

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